下面是小编为大家整理的2023版高三一轮总复习英语北师大版（闽粤渝京）语法突破专项教学设计,供大家参考。
板块一 词形的变换 第 1 讲 名词和数词 [前沿最新动态] 题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读 语 法 填 空 1．(2021·新高考卷 Ⅰ) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans (human) are. 2．(2021·全国甲卷) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines. 3．(2020·浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the seasons (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. 4．(2020·浙江卷·1 月)For Japan，the numbers (number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. 5．(2018·全国卷 Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause)． 1．给出名词的单数形式，考查其复数形式；
2．给出数词的基数词，考查其序数词。
考点一 名词的数 [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．The paper was used for sealing up holes in walls and roofs (roof) in the cold and freezing winter. 2．The pianos (piano) in the other shop will be cheaper，but they are not as good. 3．Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves (wolf) would kill their farm animals or pets. 4．I spent ten minutes walking up and down the high street, desperately avoiding eye contact with passersby (passerby)． 5．An ant has two stomachs (stomach). One holds the food for itself and the other is for food to be given to other ants. [要点解读] 一、名词单数变复数的规则变化 变化规则 例词 一般情况加s map→maps；girl→girls；
house→houses；mouth→mouths 以th 结尾 的，加s month→months；truth→truths 以s，x，sh，ch 结尾的，加es class→classes；box→boxes；
brush→brushes；match→matches 但是 stomach(胃)的复数是 stomachs；ox(公牛)的复数是 oxen “辅音字母＋y” 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加es city→cities；country→countries；
party→parties；factory→factories 注意：以元音字母＋y 结尾的则 直接加s，如 boy→boys；toy→toys 以“辅音字母 ＋o”结尾的， tomato→tomatoes；potato→potatoes；
hero→heroes；Negro→Negroes；
一般加es mango→mangoes 注意：1．少数名词加s 或es 均可， 如 volcano→volcano(e)s；
mosquito→mosquito(e)s 2．少数名词只加 s，如 piano→pianos；
photo→photos 以“元音字母 ＋o”结尾的， 加s radio→radios；zoo→zoos；
bamboo→bamboos 以f，fe 结尾 的，通常变 f 或 fe 为 v， 再加es half→halves；leaf→leaves；
shelf→shelves；thief→thieves；
wolf→wolves；wife→wives；
life→lives；knife→knives 以f，fe 结尾 的，通常变 f 或 fe 为 v， 再加es 但是也有的直接加s，如 roof→roofs；
chief→chiefs；还存在有两种复数形式的，如handkerchief→handkerchiefs/handkerchieves 合成名词变复 数时，通常只将 里面所含的主体 名词变成复数， 如果没有主体名 词，则将最后一 部分变成复数 soninlaw→sonsinlaw passerby→passersby storyteller→storytellers gobetween→gobetweens grownup→grownups 二、名词单数变复数的不规则变化 变化情况 例词 特殊变化 child→children；foot→feet；
tooth→teeth；mouse→mice；
man→men；woman→women 注意：由 man 或 woman 构成的 合成词，其复数形式也是men 和 women，如 an Englishman→two Englishmen；但 German 不是合 成词，故复数形式为 Germans 有些名词的单 复数有不同的 拼写方法 细菌 bacterium(单数)→bacteria(复数)；
资料、数据 datum(单数)→data(复数)；
现象 phenomenon(单数)→phenomena(复数) 考点二 名词的所有格 [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．In addition, the hostess" (hostess) cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food. 2．The article concludes that parents" (parents) education affects their children"s future. 3．“ Today"s (today) story is about the success of a poor child，” the teacher said. 4．We"d better stay in a hotel that is just a stone"s (stone) throw from the railway station for the sake of convenience. 5．Studies show that a child"s (child) character is greatly influenced by his/her home environment. [要点解读] 名词的所有格 1．有生命的名词，其所有格一般在名词后加"s。
his father"s boss 他爸爸的老板 2．表示时间、城市、地域、团体、机构等无生命的事物后也可加"s，表示其所有格。
today"s paper 今天的报纸 England"s shore 英国的海岸 the car"s design 这辆车的设计 3．在某些习惯用语中，也需要加"s 所有格。
a stone"s throw 近在咫尺 keep sb. at arm"s length 与某人保持距离；不亲近某人 be at one"s wits" end 黔驴技穷 4．如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词后加"s，如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要加"s。
Jane and Mary"s mother 简和玛丽的妈妈(共有，暗示简和玛丽是姐妹关系) Jane"s and Mary"s mothers 简的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈(不是共有，分别指两位妈妈) 5．双重所有格：“a/two/some...＋名词＋of＋名词"s/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，“of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。
a friend of her mother"s 她妈妈的一个朋友 two photos of hers 她的两张照片 考点三 数词——基数词与序数词 [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．Its celebrations happened as early as the fifth (five) century. 2．The elevator broke down and we had to walk up to the tenth (ten) floor. 3．Saturn is the second (two) biggest planet in the solar system. 4．Each year, hundreds (hundred) of the animals are killed for their fur. 5．I"m a frequent traveller and I eat out twice (two) a day. 6．It has been snowing, roughly every third (three) day, for as long as I"ve had the flu. [要点解读] 一、基数词和序数词 1．表数量的数词叫基数词，如 one, two, three... 2．表顺序的数词叫序数词，如 first, second, third, fourth, fifth... 二、基数词变序数词的规则 1．一二三要单独记：one→first, two → second, three → third 2．th 要从四加起：four → fourth, five → fifth... 3．eight 少个 t：eight → eighth 4．nine 删除 e：nine → ninth 5．ve 用 f 来代替：five → fifth, twelve → twelfth 6．ty 变成 tie：twenty → twentieth 三、序数词的使用 1．序数词在句中主要作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词。
Monday is the second day of a week. 星期一是一周的第二天。
2．序数词前有时加不定冠词，表示“又一、再一”，相当于 another。
Would you like a second cup of tea? 你还想再来一杯茶吗？ I had a third apple. 我(吃了两个苹果后)又吃了一个苹果。
3．first, second 等有时可表示一批人或物。
The first milu deer came from China in the 1860s. 最早的一批麋鹿是在十九世纪六十年代从中国引进的。
四、分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于 1，分母用复数 1/3: one third；2/5: two fifths 第 2 讲 形容词、副词的比较等级 [前沿最新动态] 题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读 语 法 填 空 1．(2021· ·新高考卷Ⅰ Ⅰ)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the hotter (hot)the spring! 2．(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better (good) than to ride on a piece of history! 3．(2020· ·全国卷Ⅲ Ⅲ) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. 4．(2018· ·全国卷Ⅲ Ⅲ)He screams the loudest (loud) of all. 5．(2017· ·全国卷Ⅰ Ⅰ)Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. 给出形容词、副词，考查其比较级或最高级形式。
考点一 形容词的比较等级 [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．He does not think that his beliefs make him any worse (bad) than any other man. 2．Maybe it is because the first impression is the strongest (strong) that China Daily has become one part of my life. 3．The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be sweeter (sweet)． 4．The bigger (big) the activity inequality of a country is, the higher its rate of obesity will be. 5．Of the two lectures, the first was by far the better (good), partly because the speaker had an extraordinary style. 6．Mobile phones are making our life easier (easy), but have reduced the need for facetoface communication. 7．He"s the best teacher in this school, even though he has the least (little) experience. 8．MinKyu Choi, 29, had bought the world"s thinnest (thin) laptop, advertised as being slim enough to fit in an envelope. [要点解读] 一、形容词比较等级的规则变化 变化规则 例词 单音节的词，一般在后 面加er 和est tall→taller→tallest quick→quicker→quickest 以“辅音字母＋e”结尾 的词，在后面加r 和st wide→wider→widest fine→finer→finest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的 词，变 y 为 i，再加er 和est easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重 读闭音节词，双写这个辅 音字母，再加er 和est thin→thinner→thinnest hot→hotter→hottest 以ow 结尾的双音节 词，多半加er 和est narrow→narrower→ narrowest 多音节词在前面 加 more 和 most attractive→more attractive→most attractive [易错提醒] 有少数几个双音节以及er，le 结尾的词，既可以加er 和est，又可以加 more 和 most 构成比较级和最高级。如：common，clever，simple，stupid等。
二、形容词比较等级的不规则变化 good→better→best；bad/ill→worse→worst；many/much→ more→most；old→older/elder→oldest/eldest；little→less→least 考点二 副词的比较等级 [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．You"ll have to speak louder (loud)—I can"t hear you. 2．The new group of students is betterbehaved than the other group who stayed here earlier (early)． 3．Li Hua did very well in the examination, and I did no worse (badly), gaining 98 marks. 4．The detective said，“We must catch the kidnapper. The sooner (soon) the better.” 5．At first sight it looked less (little) like a capital city than a mining camp. 6．Stay farthest (far) from the door if you will be the last person to step out of the elevator. 7．Salesmen and waiters are two of the most (much) common jobs that students try to find during the summer months. 8．I know my sister better (well) than anyone else. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. [要点解读] 一、副词比较等级的规则变化 变化规则 例词 单音节词，一般在后 面加er 和est fast→faster→fastest hard→harder→hardest 以“辅音字母＋e”结尾的单 音节词，在后面加r 和st late→later→latest 以ly 结尾的双音节词， 变 y 为 i，再加er 和est early→earlier→earliest 其他双音节和多音节词 quickly→more 在前面加 more 和 most quickly→most quickly happily→more happily→most happily 二、副词比较等级的不规则变化 well→better→best; badly→worse→worst; much→more→most; little→less→ least; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest 第 3 讲 人称代词 [前沿最新动态] 题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读 语 法 填 空 1．(2021· ·新高考卷Ⅰ Ⅰ)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor"s memory. It sure does in mine (I)． 2．(2021 ·全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its (it) origin wit...
